Cold+War+Early+Years

**Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO.** **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** **[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**


 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg width="299" height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS

* The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created by the United States, Canada, and ten Western European nations. ** ||
 * The Warsaw Pact was created by the Soviet Union and Eastern European nations.
 * Nation is splitting apart to Communist and capitalism
 * **CONTAINMENT


 * Main strategy for the Truman Administration
 * Goal was to stop the spread of communism
 * Meant that the US would work in military and nonmilitary ways to stop communism
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg width="281" height="218" caption="George Kenean"]] ||  ||
 * George Kenean ||  ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE


 * March 12.1947
 * The Truman Doctrine promised aid to people struggling to resist threats to democratic freedom
 * Backbone to america's cold war policy
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN


 * offered $13 billion in aid to western and southern Europe
 * helped the nations rebuild
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg width="344" height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT


 * The Berlin airlift was a massive transfer of essential supplies flown into Berlin.
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT


 * countries were alarmed over communist control in Eastern Europe
 * Led to the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
 * NATO was a mutual defense alliance to defend member nations of possible Soviet attack
 * In response to this the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries formed the Warsaw Pact
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png width="241" height="286" align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg width="262" height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC


 * This refers to the irrational but rampant fear of communism that swept the United States twice during the 20th century
 * Americans feared a communist takeover to the government, often to the point of Paranoia
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA**
 * Communist China saw the UN forces into North Korea as a threat
 * The gave a warning that this might bring them into the fight
 * In November Chinese Communist Troops attacked || [[image:turningpoints2010:PRCFounding.jpg align="center" caption="PRCFounding.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif width="221" height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif width="221" height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM**
 * McCarthy was a republican senator from WI
 * used Korean War to fan americans' fear of communism
 * His claim launched a hunt for communists that wrecked careers of thousands of people
 * The term //McCarthyism// came to stand for reckless charges against innocent citizens || [[image:turningpoints2010:180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg align="center" caption="180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg width="201" height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE


 * began in 1957 by the world's current "super powers"
 * Soviet Union launched first satellite, //Sputnik//, into orbit
 * Showed they had a missile strong enough to reach the US
 * Now the government began collecting millions of dollars for space research